hamza usually occurs as a small accent on ا, و, or ى.Typewriter with Arabic characters Arabic alphabet:
Arabic words are written from right to left, while Arabic numbers are written from left to right. However, the North Africa variant it has been abandoned except for calligraphic use in the Maghreb itself, remaining in the Koranic schools ( azoias ) of West Africa. The order of the letters is also noticeably different (at least when they are used as numerals).
Namely, in the Maghreb, the fa and qaf have a bottom and a top point, respectively. Traditionally, there are some differences between the Western (Maghreb) and Eastern versions of this alphabet. The Arabic alphabet derives from Aramaic writing (there is a controversy, at the academic level, about its origin, Nabataea or Syriac ), so that it can be compared to the similarities between the Coptic alphabet or the Cyrillic alphabet and the Greek alphabet. These languages have developed other diacritics to represent vowels that do not exist in the Arabic language and / or use some consonants of Arabic writing to represent vowels. Non-Afro-Asian languages using Arabic script (for example, Turkish languages ) have a richer vowel system than Arabic (for example, 9 different vowels in the Kazakh language ), so it is necessary to use other mechanisms to represent the vowels. For example, the word fish in Arabic is “samak” but it is written in the Arabic alphabet only with the letters corresponding in the Latin alphabet to S, M and K and then written “smk” ( سمك ), which makes it difficult to know their vowels without knowing the word, unless the symbols indicating vowels are present in the writing. Thus, a speaker of one of these Afro-Asian languages can read the word correctly if it is previously known. This results from an interesting feature of Afro-Asian languages in which words are made on a consonant basis. In Afro-Asian languages that use Arabic script, vowels are generally not represented in everyday writing. The representation of the vowels is done through diacritics placed on or under the letters. ĭespite being called “alphabet”, in fact the Arabic script is an Abjad, that is, each symbol represents a consonant.
This alphabet is written from right to left, just like the Hebrew alphabet. Its widespread spread is mainly due to the fact that the Koran, the holy book of Islam, is written in Arabic alphabet. Until 1923, it was also used to write Turkish, when it was replaced by the Latin alphabet. It is the second most used alphabet in the world, behind only the Latin alphabet, and has 29 letters. The Arabic alphabet (in Arabic : أبجدية عربية ) is the main alphabet used to represent the Arabic language, in addition to the diversity of languages such as Persian and Berber languages.